Holographic Video -- a.k.a. holovideo or electro-holography

SMPTE 2nd Annual International Conference on Stereoscopic 3D for Media and Entertainment - Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE), 2011 June.

Electronic Holography -- 20 Years of Interactive Spatial Imaging, book chapter in

Handbook of Visual Display Technology, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, Janglin (John) Chen, Wayne Cranton, Mark Fihn (eds.), ISBN 978-3-540-79566-7, 2011.

Computational Display Holography, book chapter in

Holographic Imaging, Stephen A. Benton, V. M. Bove Jr., Wiley-Interscience (April 14, 2008), ISBN-13: 978-0470068069.

Holography - SPIE Newsletter, 2004 June.

This invited article contains some brief thoughts on my experiences with the late Professor Stephen A. Benton.

Interactive holographic displays: the first 10 years, book chapter in

Holography. The first 50 years, (Springer Series in Optical Sciences Vol. 78), Springer-Verlag (Berlin), editor J.-M. Fournier, ISBN #3540670750, 2004 February.

First book chapter to cover electronic holography.

Computer Graphics (A publication of ACM SIGGRAPH) Volume 31, Number 2, May 1997.

Overview of electro-holography.

IBM Systems Journal, 1996 Oct.   Also in [PDF format]

Hogel-vector holographic bandwidth compression is a novel technique to compute holographic fringe patterns for real-time display. This diffraction-specific approach, treats a fringe as discretized in space and spatial frequency. By undersampling fringe spectra, hogel-vector encoding achieves a compression ratio of 16:1 with an acceptably small loss in image resolution. Hogel-vector bandwidth compression attains interactive rates of holographic computation for real-time three-dimensional electro-holographic (holovideo) displays. Total computation time for typical 3D images is reduced by a factor of over 70 to 4.0 s per 36-MB holographic fringe and under 1.0 s for a 6-MB full-color image. Analysis focuses on the trade-offs among compression ratio, image fidelity, and image depth. Hogel-vector bandwidth compression matches information content to the human visual system, achieving "visual-bandwidth holography."

Optical Engineering, 1996 June.

[PDF format] or [PostScript] or [compressed PostScript]

A novel electro-holographic bandwidth compression technique, fringelet bandwidth compression, is described and implemented. This technique uses spatial subsampling to reduce the bandwidth and complexity of holographic fringe computation for real-time 3-D holographic displays. As part of the diffraction-specific fringe computation approach, the fringe pattern is treated as a spectrum that is sampled in space (as "hogels") and in spatial frequency (as "hogel vectors"). Fringelet bandwidth compression achieves a compression ratio of 16:1 without conspicuously degrading image quality. Fringelet decoding is extremely simple, enabling an overall increase in fringe computation speed of over 3000 times compared to conventional interference-based methods. This speed has enabled the generation of images at nearly interactive rates: under 4.0 s per hand-sized (one-liter) 3-D image generated from a 36-Mbyte fringe.

Proc. of SIGGRAPH 95 (LA, CA, Aug. 6-11, 1995). In Computer Graphics Proceedings, ACM SIGGRAPH, pp. 387-394. with Tinsley A. Galyean.

We present a method for computing holographic fringe patterns for the generation of three-dimensional (3-D) holographic images at interactive speeds. We used this method to render holograms on a conventional computer graphics workstation. The framebuffer system supplied signals directly to a real-time holographic (holovideo) display.

Proceedings of SPIE #2406 Practical Holography IX, 2406-23, (SPIE, Bellingham, WA, 1995). with J. A. Watlington, C. J. Sparrell, V. M. Bove, I. Tamitani.

[ PDF format ] [ Postscript ] [ Postscript, compressed ]

Hogel-Vector decoding is performed on a stream-processor superposition daughter card on the Cheops P2 processor module. Two of these "Splotch Engines" can decode a 1-MB hogel-vector array into 36-MB of fringes in 3 seconds.

Doctoral Thesis Dissertation, MIT Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Sept. 1994.

[ PDF format ] [ PostScript ] [ PostScript, compressed ]

A new, fast, versatile method of holographic fringe computation is described, implemented, and analyzed. Two methods of holographic encoding - "Hogel-Vector Encoding" and "Fringelet Encoding" - are developed on top of diffraction-specific computation. Holographic encoding provides bandwidth compression of 16 times, and increases computation speed by a factor of over 100. See related publications: IBM Systems Journal 1996 and Opt. Eng. 1996.

International Symposium on 3-D Imaging and Holography, Osaka, Japan, Nov. 1994.

Journal of Electronic Imaging, vol. 2, #1, Jan 1993, pp. 28-34.

[ HTML ] [ PDF format ] [ PostScript ]

Several methods of increasing the speed and simplicity of the computation of off-axis transmission holograms are presented, with applications to the real-time display of holographic images.

Proceedings of Holographics International '92, SPIE Proceedings #1732, paper #1732-48, (SPIE, July 1992). [Incomplete figures.]

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(with St. Hilaire, Benton, et al.) Progress in holographic video display research: increasing speed, interactivity, full color, larger size.

Proceedings of SPIE #1667 Practical Holography VI, 1667-04, (SPIE, Bellingham, WA, 1992), pp. 32-43.

[ PDF format ] [ Postscript ] [ Postscript, compressed ]

Earliest work on bipolar intensity, use of elemental fringes in a precomputed table. First-ever interactive display of 3-D holographic images.

Color Images with the MIT Holographic Video Display

Proceedings of SPIE #1667 Practical Holography VI, 1667-73, (SPIE, Bellingham, WA, 1992), pp. 73-84. (St. Hilaire, Benton, et al.)

[ PDF format ] [ Postscript ] [ Postscript, compressed ]

First full-color display.

Electronic display system for computational holography

Proceedings of SPIE #1212 Practical Holography IV, 1212-20, (SPIE, Bellingham, WA, 1990), pp. 174-182. (St. Hilaire, Benton, et al.)

[ PDF format ] [ Postscript ] [ Postscript, compressed ]

Earliest successful AOM-based real-time holographic display.

Intelligent information interaction

Communications of the ACM (CACM), 2000 September

This invited paper describes the conversational natural language software created by Soliloquy, Inc.

Interfaces for humans (panel): natural interaction, tangible data, and beyond

Michael Harris , Bill Buxton , William T. Freeman , Hiroshi Ishii , Mark Lucente , Michael J. Sinclair

ACM SIGGRAPH 98 Conference Abstracts and Applications July 1998 (Orlando, Florida USA, July 19-24, 1998), ACM Press, pp. 200-202.

Proceedings of the IEEE, 1998 Oct.

This is an invited predictive paper, written in part as a response to a predictive paper published in 1962 and in part as a prediction of technology and life in 2048.

Computer Graphics (A publication of ACM SIGGRAPH) Volume 31, Number 2, May 1997.

[PDF format], [PostScript]

The design and applications of the VisualizationSpace (also known as "DreamSpace") is described. DreamSpace is a deviceless smart-room that combines speech recognition, machine-vision tracking and other sensing to allow natural multimodal interaction between humans and computing systems, with applications to visualization, networked homes, education and e-commerce.

Interfaces for humans (panel)

ACM SIGGRAPH 98, International Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques 1998, Orlando, Florida, USA

Photonics

Coherent Optical Communication with Injection-Locked High-Power Semiconductor Laser Array

Electronics Letters, vol. 25 (17), p. 1112, 17 Aug. 1989. with E.S. Kintzer, S.B. Alexander, J.G. Fujimoto, V.W.S. Chan.

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[reprints by request]

Abstract: Heterodyne FSK communication at 110 Mbit/s is demonstrated with an injection-locked high-power 20-stripe semiconductor laser array. We show that a high-power (>300 mW) coherent optical transmitter can be constructed without penalty in bit error rate performance.

Spatial and Frequency Dependence of Four-Wave Mixing in a Broad-Area Diode Laser

Applied Physics Letters, vol. 53 (20), p. 1897, 14 Nov. 1988. with J.G. Fujimoto, G.M. Carter.

[ Page 1, Page 2 and Page 3 as TIFF]

[reprints by request]

Abstract: By injecting two external optical beams into a broad-area laser diode, four-wave mixing is generated via gain nonlinearities in the device. The nonlinear signals are observed by spectrally analyzing the transverse far- field profile of the emission from the device. By varying the injection angle and oscillation wavelength of one of the injected beams, the spatial and frequency dependence of this nonlinear process is measured. The results support a spatially dependent dynamical carrier concentration model which includes the effects of carrier diffusion. These measurements provide a direct determination of the ambipolar diffusion constant in the device D = 9.5 cm2/s.

Four-wave mixing in the active region of a broad-area GaAl diode laser was also used to determine the third-order nonlinearity coefficient and the excited carrier lifetime.

Nonlinear Mixing and Phase conjugation in Broad-Area Diode Lasers

Applied Physics Letters, vol. 53 (6), p. 467, 8 Aug. 1988. with G.M. Carter, J.G. Fujimoto.

[reprints by request]

Abstract: Four-wave mixing is investigated in broad-area diode lasers. Two external fields are injected into the device using phase conjugate geometry and the nonlinear four-wave mixing signal observed by performing spectrally resolved measurement of the far field. By varying the injection geometry, the excited mode of the broad-area diode can be controlled. The gain nonlinearity generates a conjugate wave within the device, thereby resulting in far-field emission in the conjugate direction. Nonlinear conjugate signal efficiency levels of ~ -21 dB have been observed.

Energy

Cleantech and Alternative Energy

Exploration on Load Signatures

ICEE 2004 International Conference on Electrical Engineering 2004 July 4-8, Sapporo, Japan. (with W.K. Lee, G.S.K. Fung, H.Y. Lam and F.H.Y. Chan).

Electrical Engineering for 21st Century Power Systems

ICEE 2003 International Conference on Electrical Engineering 2003 at Hong Kong.(with CC Ngan and G. Kendall).

A Taxonomy of Load Signatures for Single-Phase Electric Appliances

IEEE PESC 2005 (Power Electronics Specialist Conference) June 2005, Brazil. (with K.H. Ting, G.S.K. Fung., W.K. Lee and S.Y. Ron Hui). [submitted]

  

For more information, contact Mark Lucente.    

 

Updated 2011 Nov 30.